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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
R. G. Alsmiller, Jr., J. Barish, R. T. Santoro, R. A. Lillie, J. M. Barnes, M. M. H. Ragheb
Nuclear Technology | Volume 48 | Number 3 | May 1980 | Pages 187-195
Technical Paper | Reactor | doi.org/10.13182/NT80-A32466
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Calculated dose rates in the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor test cell from induced activity have been obtained. The dose rates for the case of no neutral beam injector and when a neutral beam injector (with the resultant large penetration through the primary shield) is present are given separately. The photon transport calculations are carried out using Monte Carlo techniques, since this greatly facilitates the consideration of different pulse sequences and times after reactor shutdown. Dose rates are given for several different deuterium-tritium pulse sequences and for a variety of times after the reactor is turned off. At a few positions in the test cell, the contribution to the dose rates from individual residual nuclei is also presented. In general, it is found that the presence of the shielded neutral beam injector does not have a large effect on the dose rates in the test cell.