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LLNL, Ampera partner to develop thorium-based TRISO fuel
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has formed a strategic partnership with Ampera to develop the company’s nuclear fuel concept through a project named THUNDER, for Thorium Unimodal Droplet Ejection for Reactors.
The focus of THUNDER is fabricating TRISO made with kernels of thorium rather than the usual uranium. LLNL and Ampera will evaluate and optimize liquid metal–jetting technology to produce highly uniform, spherical kernels of thorium-232 for later processing into TRISO fuel.
B. L. Cohen, H. N. Jow
Nuclear Technology | Volume 41 | Number 3 | December 1978 | Pages 381-388
Technical Paper | Radioactive Waste | doi.org/10.13182/NT78-A32122
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The hazards from buried low-level radioactive waste are generically evaluated under conservative assumptions. It is assumed that transport mechanisms disperse the material randomly through the soil at an early time, thus bypassing all questions of transport through soil, hydrology, holdup processes, etc. in conventional evaluations. The transfer rate from soil to human ingestion is taken to be equal to that rate for naturally occurring isotopes of the same element, obtained from the daily ingestion intakes of Reference Man and geochemical abundances in sediments. Data are converted into the expected number of cancers by use of the BEIR report. The inhalation pathway is treated by assuming the composition of airborne dust to be the same as that of the soil, including the randomly dispersed radioactive material. The effects of a possible release into rivers are estimated by assuming that the probability of radioactive material getting into drinking water is equal to that for other materials in rivers. When the results are applied to the inventory at the Maxey Flats burial ground and reasonable assumptions are made about poorly identified materials, it is found that the total number of eventual cancers expected over the next 10 million years is less than one.