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DOE nuclear cleanup costs, schedule delays continue to rise, GAO says
The Department of Energy’s Office of Environmental Management faces significant cost increases, schedule delays, and data management issues in completing nuclear waste cleanup projects, according to a new report from the U.S. Government Accountability Office.
Roger W. Carlson, David R. Gott
Nuclear Technology | Volume 33 | Number 2 | April 1977 | Pages 161-173
Technical Paper | Reactor | doi.org/10.13182/NT77-A31774
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The distribution of the bypass flow near the center of a boiling water reactor was calculated with the aid of the COBRA IIIC computer program to determine if boiling of the bypass coolant does occur. A consistant solution for the heat flux traversing the fuel assembly shroud and the bypass flow distribution was obtained for cases with the control rods fully withdrawn and also partially inserted. It was shown that the axial interval between calculated points must be ∼1 cm to obtain a solution that is independent of the spacing between points. Boiling was found to occur in the flow channels that represent the intersection of the narrow gaps between fuel assemblies; however, the average exit enthalpy of the bypass flow was subcooled. Insertion of control rods had a small beneficial effect in reducing the boiling. A 40% increase in the bypass flow rate was found necessary to eliminate boiling completely.