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Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
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The RAIN scale: A good intention that falls short
Radiation protection specialists agree that clear communication of radiation risks remains a vexing challenge that cannot be solved solely by finding new ways to convey technical information.
Earlier this year, an article in Nuclear News described a new radiation risk communication tool, known as the Radiation Index, or, RAIN (“Let it RAIN: A new approach to radiation communication,” NN, Jan. 2025, p. 36). The authors of the article created the RAIN scale to improve radiation risk communication to the general public who are not well-versed in important aspects of radiation exposures, including radiation dose quantities, units, and values; associated health consequences; and the benefits derived from radiation exposures.
G. L. Copeland, R. G. Donnelly, W. R. Martin
Nuclear Technology | Volume 16 | Number 1 | October 1972 | Pages 226-237
Technical Paper | Reactor Materials Performance / Material | doi.org/10.13182/NT72-A31189
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Boron carbide is the prime candidate material for neutron absorbers in fast breeder reactors and the Fast Test Reactor. Important data required for design of control rods for these reactors concern swelling, gas release, and structural integrity of boron carbide under the expected operating conditions. Data for irradiations of boron carbide powders in a thermal reactor and powders and pellets in a fast reactor are presented and discussed in terms of expected performance in a fast reactor. The most important variable in determining irradiation behavior appears to be the mobility of the helium produced relative to the rate it is produced. The helium is not trapped in the lattice but precipitates. Denuded zones and absence of bubbles on grain boundaries suggest that helium diffuses rapidly along the grain boundaries. This is a major source of gas release.