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LLNL, Ampera partner to develop thorium-based TRISO fuel
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has formed a strategic partnership with Ampera to develop the company’s nuclear fuel concept through a project named THUNDER, for Thorium Unimodal Droplet Ejection for Reactors.
The focus of THUNDER is fabricating TRISO made with kernels of thorium rather than the usual uranium. LLNL and Ampera will evaluate and optimize liquid metal–jetting technology to produce highly uniform, spherical kernels of thorium-232 for later processing into TRISO fuel.
Gerald R. Luetkehans, John Toman, Bennie G. DiBona
Nuclear Technology | Volume 27 | Number 4 | December 1975 | Pages 539-558
Technical Paper | Nuclear Explosive | doi.org/10.13182/NT75-A24334
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Project Rio Blanco is a joint government-industry experiment utilizing nuclear explosives to stimulate gas production from thick, relatively impermeable, gas-bearing lenticular sand and shale sequences. Three 30-kt explosives spaced vertically in a single wellbore at intervals of 390 and 460 ft were detonated simultaneously on May 17, 1973. No significant adverse effects were experienced, and damage resulting from ground motion was as predicted. The initial reentry into the upper explosive region indicates that coales-cense of the top cavity and fracture region with the lower ones did not occur as expected. Reentry into the bottom cavity indicated that similarly, communication does not exist between the lower two chimneys. The fracture height of the upper region was about as predicted from previous experience with single-chimney geometry as was the cavity radius resulting from the bottom detonation. All indications are that yields were as predicted, and to date there is no valid explanation as to the lack of intercommunication between the fracture regions of the three explosives. Production test data from the top chimney indicated a reservoir capacity of only 0.73 md-ft, which is 6 to 10 times lower than expected. Subsequent testing of an evaluation well and other data lends further evidence that, although significant stimulation most surely occurred, the gas contained in the sandstones was much less than had been originally anticipated. Properties deduced from production test data from the bottom chimney are in much better agreement with predetonation estimates. Further investigations are required to fully evaluate the experiment.