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Swiss nuclear power and the case for long-term operation
Designed for 40 years but built to last far longer, Switzerland’s nuclear power plants have all entered long-term operation. Yet age alone says little about safety or performance. Through continuous upgrades, strict regulatory oversight, and extensive aging management, the country’s reactors are being prepared for decades of continued operation, in line with international practice.
M. Lee Hyder
Nuclear Technology | Volume 94 | Number 1 | April 1991 | Pages 80-86
Technical Paper | Nuclear Reactor Safety | doi.org/10.13182/NT91-A16223
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The removal of gaseous iodine from air by water sprays is measured, using both ordinary water and a solution buffered to a pH near 9.5 with a carbonate mixture. The results are compared to the theoretical predictions of the 12WASH computer code. In all experiments, using both large and small spray droplets, the solution at the higher pH is approximately three times as effective at absorbing iodine from the air. This agrees with the predictions of the computer model for the smaller droplets studied. The computer code predicts no pH effect for large drops, probably because it assumes a well-mixed drop, and mixing during the fall time is too slow.