An overview is presented of the objectives, accomplishments, and potential future directions of the program on the evaluation methodology for proliferation resistance and physical protection (PR&PP) of advanced nuclear energy systems. The PR&PP Working Group of the Generation IV International Forum developed the methodology through a series of demonstration and case studies. The results of the evaluations performed with the methodology are intended for three types of users: system designers, program policy makers, and external stakeholders. During the past few years, various national and international groups have applied the methodology to nuclear energy system design as well as to developing approaches to advanced safeguards. We suggest some future applications of the methodology in this paper.