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The human factor in licensing and operating the next generation of nuclear plants
As human factors specialists working at the intersection of human performance and nuclear operations, we are witnessing one of the nuclear sector’s most significant transitions in decades. The emergence of small modular reactors, microreactors, and other advanced designs is reshaping the industry’s landscape. Digital instrumentation and controls, passive safety systems, and increased automation are creating opportunities for greater safety margins and more flexible operation. These same features also fundamentally redefine what it means to “operate” a nuclear plant. Interactions among human roles, automation, and passive systems shape how people maintain awareness, exercise judgment, and intervene when necessary. These developments affect both operational realities and the regulatory foundations on which nuclear safety is built.
Suddhasattwa Ghosh, B. Prabhakara Reddy, K. Nagarajan, P. R. Vasudeva Rao
Nuclear Technology | Volume 170 | Number 3 | June 2010 | Pages 430-443
Technical Paper | Reprocessing | doi.org/10.13182/NT10-A10329
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The computer code PRAGAMAN has been developed for numerical simulation of electrotransport during molten salt electrorefining of spent metallic fuels. The code is based on the thermodynamic equilibriums among pairs of elements and their chlorides that exist at the anode-electrolyte salt and cathode-electrolyte salt interfaces. It uses nonlinear and linear equations to arrive at real solutions for all 16 possible conditions that could be envisaged with respect to the solubilities of U and Pu at the anode and cathode. It can handle the electrotransport of eight elements representing typical actinides, minor actinides, and fission products, as well as potential dependent electrotransport of U and Pu.