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Conference Spotlight
2025 ANS Winter Conference & Expo
November 9–12, 2025
Washington, DC|Washington Hilton
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The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
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Empowering the next generation: ANS’s newest book focuses on careers in nuclear energy
A new career guide for the nuclear energy industry is now available: The Nuclear Empowered Workforce by Earnestine Johnson. Drawing on more than 30 years of experience across 16 nuclear facilities, Johnson offers a practical, insightful look into some of the many career paths available in commercial nuclear power. To mark the release, Johnson sat down with Nuclear News for a wide-ranging conversation about her career, her motivation for writing the book, and her advice for the next generation of nuclear professionals.
When Johnson began her career at engineering services company Stone & Webster, she entered a field still reeling from the effects of the Three Mile Island incident in 1979, nearly 15 years earlier. Her hiring cohort was the first group of new engineering graduates the company had brought on since TMI, a reflection of the industry-wide pause in nuclear construction. Her first long-term assignment—at the Millstone site in Waterford, Conn., helping resolve design issues stemming from TMI—marked the beginning of a long and varied career that spanned positions across the country.
Yassin A. Hassan, Changwoo Kang
Nuclear Technology | Volume 180 | Number 2 | November 2012 | Pages 159-173
Technical Paper | Fission Reactors | doi.org/10.13182/NT12-A14631
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Pressure drops over a packed bed of a pebble bed reactor were investigated. Measurements of porosity and pressure drop over the bed were carried out in a cylindrical packed-bed facility. Air and water were used for the working fluids. There are several parameters influencing the pressure drop in packed beds. One of the most important factors is the wall effect. The inhomogeneous porosity distribution in the bed and the additional wetted surface introduced by the wall cause variation of the pressure drop. The importance of wall effects and porosity can be explained by using different bed-to-particle-diameter ratios. Four different bed-to-particle-diameter ratios were used in these experiments (D/dp = 19, 9.5, 6.33, and 3.65). A comparison is made between the predictions by a number of empirical correlations including the Ergun equation (1952) and that of the Nuclear Safety Standards Commission (KTA) in the literature. Analysis of the data indicates the importance of the bed-to-particle-size ratio on the pressure drop. The comparison between the present and the existing correlations showed that the pressure drop of large bed-to-particle-diameter ratios (D/dp = 19, 9.5, and 6.33) matched very well with the original KTA correlation. However, the published correlations cannot be expected to predict accurate pressure drop for certain conditions, especially for pebble beds with D/dp 5. An improved correlation was obtained for a small bed-to-particle-diameter ratio by fitting the coefficients of that equation to experimental databases.