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Fuel loading process begins at Palisades
The Palisades nuclear power plant has drawn closer to restart, as plant staff began the process of loading fuel into the reactor vessel on Sunday morning.
The commencement of fuel loading places the Covert, Mich., facility in Mode 6—or the refueling stage—under the plant’s technical specifications, plant owner and operator Holtec International said in a news release. The Palisades reactor core consists of 204 fuel assemblies that include new fuel and partially used fuel from the plant’s most recent operating cycles. According to Holtec, the fuel loading is being conducted in accordance with plant procedures and technical specifications.
Wojciech Kubinski, Gianluca Giorgi, Mathieu Segond
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 200 | Number 1 | March 2026 | Pages S625-S643
Research Article | doi.org/10.1080/00295639.2025.2495520
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
In this work, a framework was designed and implemented for optimizing the reactor core loading pattern of a representative European Pressurized Water Reactor (EPR) core. The paper focuses on optimizing the equilibrium cycle, encoded in the proposed matrix-based version. Optimizations were conducted for 1/8 and 1/4 symmetry, with the goal of maximizing average burnup of the core while simultaneously maintaining or improving the nuclear enthalpy rise hot channel factor, neutron leakage, and average fuel assembly burnup. The optimization utilized a genetic algorithm, parallel simulated annealing, and a proposed hybrid version. The results showed that each algorithm could, within several dozen iterations, propose a solution comparable to the reference within the defined objective function, demonstrating significant potential to reduce the time needs and engineering efforts to improve and design industrial fuel loading patterns.