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Diversification and the common ground
Craig Piercycpiercy@ans.org
Who would have thought, just a few years ago, that we would see so many long-standing barriers to new nuclear development falling like dominoes? Public opinion, policy, regulatory reform, finance and investment, design maturity, nuclear fuel enrichment, and fuel fabrication capacity have all advanced with remarkable speed in the United States.
Conventional wisdom holds that the most effective way to scale up the nuclear supply chain is to do so strategically, matching investments to the needs of reactor developers.
Thomas Ligonnet, Axel Laureau, Andreas Pautz, Vincent Lamirand
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 199 | Number 1 | April 2025 | Pages S521-S530
Research Article | doi.org/10.1080/00295639.2024.2357963
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
In a collaboration between Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) and CEA, in the fall of 2020, the experimental Programme d’Étude en Transmission de l’Acier Lourd et ses Eléments (PETALE) was successfully carried out in the CROCUS reactor of EPFL. This article presents and compares the methods tested in the modeling of the experiments, specifically focusing on the metal reflectors installed at the periphery of CROCUS. A basic design model consisting of a few cuboids was refined to a fully detailed version, without impacting the run time of simulations. Notably, each reflector sheet of PETALE was segmented into 121 voxels based on topological measurements. This detailed voxelization did not affect calculation times, thanks to the use of three-dimensional lattices as available in Serpent 2. Profiling of the simulations revealed the high computational surface transformations associated with Serpent 2 and highlighted the efficiency benefits of factorizing these into universe transformations. As the CROCUS simulations were carried out using a modified build of Serpent 2, additional simulations were also performed using a standard version of Serpent 2 with a GODIVA model as a neutron source to ensure that the findings are generalizable. These additional tests confirmed the initial results, with significant performance variations observed between the models, particularly larger in surface-tracking mode than in delta-tracking mode. Consequently, the modeling method may therefore be applied to future high-fidelity modeling of neutron transmission and shielding experiments.