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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
S. Cabral, G. Börker, H. Klein, W. Mannhart
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 106 | Number 3 | November 1990 | Pages 308-317
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE90-A29059
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Neutron production from the D(d,np) reaction is investigated for projectile energies between 5.34 and 13.29 MeV, and for emission angles of up to 15 deg. The breakup spectral angular cross section is deduced from neutron time-of-flight measurements normalized to the well-established D(d,n)3He angular cross section. The energy-integrated neutron yield from breakup reactions strongly increases with the projectile energy, and it exceeds the yield of monoenergetic neutrons at projectile energies of ≈9 MeV for neutron emission in a forward direction. The angular distributions behave very similarly for both reactions up to laboratory angles of 10 deg. In addition, it is possible to describe the breakup spectra for emission angles up to 10 deg with only one distribution unique to each energy when normalizing the spectra to the maximum energy of the breakup neutrons.