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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Juraj Pivarč Stanislav Hlaváč
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 106 | Number 3 | November 1990 | Pages 266-278
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE90-A29055
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A multipurpose 14-MeV neutron source based on the T(d,n)4 He reaction is under construction in Bratislava. Its basic purpose is to produce intense and pulsed beams of 14-Me V neutrons. The intense section of the source is expected to continuously produce 1.2 × 1012 n/s with a 20-mA duoplasmatron ion source, 300-kV/40-mA high-voltage power supply, and a rotating titanium-tritium target for 1100 rpm. Although it is designed for a variety of experiments in low-energy nuclear physics involving in-beam gamma-ray, neutron, and charged-particle spectroscopy, neutron activation measurements as well as neutron irradiation studies are also planned. So far, we have completed the main section of the accelerator itself and part of a low-intensity direct current beamline with a neutron yield to 4 × 1010 n/s. A continuation of this line, with a fast pulsed section capable of generating a compressed 1-ns-wide D+ ion beam at a repetition rate of 5 MHz is under construction. The source components, which are designed to be highly reliable and provide minimum radiation hazard from tritium handling, are discussed together with final source specifications.