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  The U.S. Million Person Study of Low-Dose-Rate Health Effects
  There is a critical knowledge gap regarding the health consequences of exposure to radiation received gradually over time. While there is a plethora of studies on the risks of adverse outcomes from both acute and high-dose exposures, including the landmark study of atomic bomb survivors, these are not characteristic of the chronic exposure to low-dose radiation encountered in occupational and public settings. In addition, smaller cohorts have limited numbers leading to reduced statistical power.
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This paper describes the main characteristics of the core of the SNR-2 fast breeder reactor (FBR), which is being planned within the European collaboration on FBRs. Core design aspects are then discussed. Fuel element management with an inward shuffling after each cycle is illustrated, which offers advantages with respect to linear rating, steel damage, and average discharge burnup. The full three-dimensional power and burnup history has been calculated and some typical results are presented. The shutdown requirements and the capabilities of the two shutdown systems of SNR-2 are discussed. The need for a reliable surveillance of the power distribution is demonstrated by the pronounced power tilts in case of unintentional withdrawal of an absorber rod. Finally, a short review of the main nuclear design methods and their validation with the help of the evaluation of experiments in zero-power facilities and power reactors is given.