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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
N. K . Ganguly, F. C. Cobb, A. W. Waltner
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 17 | Number 2 | October 1963 | Pages 223-226
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE63-A28883
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Measurements of the diffusion parameters of heavy water were made using a 1 Mev Van de Graaff accelerator utilizing the Be9(d, n) reaction under pulsed operation. The measurements were made at temperatures of 10°, 20°, 31°, 40°, and 50°C for buckling values ranging from 0.063 cm−2 to 0.100 cm−2. The decay of the neutron density was measured by a BF3 counter, located under the moderator container, in conjunction with a 26-channel time analyzer. The meanlife for each buckling was computed using Peierls' method; and values of the diffusion parameters were computed by the method of least squares. The value of the diffusion constant, (2.00 ± 0.04) × 105 cm2/sec at 10°C, agreed within the limits of experimental error with that found by Raievski and Horowitz, who used the modulated source method. The coefficient of the B4 term, usually referred to as the diffusion cooling coefficient, was found to be (3.72 ± 0.50) × 105 cm4/ sec as compared with (3.5 ± 0.8) × 105 cm4/sec as reported by Sjostrand in 1959.