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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Y. A. Chao, Y. A. Shatilla
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 121 | Number 2 | October 1995 | Pages 210-225
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE95-A28559
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The ANC-H code is the hexagonal geometry version of the Westinghouse three-dimensional advanced nodal code ANC. Together with PHOENIX-H, the hexagonal geometry version of the Westinghouse pressurized water reactor (PWR) lattice code PHOENIX-P, they provide the Westinghouse code package for designing VVER-type PWR cores of hexagonal geometry. The nodal theory of ANC-H is the net current nodal expansion method implemented with the technique of conformal mapping, which maps a hexagon to a rectangle while preserving the diffusion operator. The use of conformal mapping eliminates the root cause of singularities resulting from the conventional transverse integration. The intranode burnup gradient is accounted for by allowing spatially dependent nodal cross sections. The theory of ANC-H is qualified by benchmarking ANC-H against fine-mesh finite difference code solutions for a variety of benchmark problems. In all cases, the agreement has been excellent. The accuracy of ANC-H for hexagonal geometry cores is as good as ANC for Cartesian geometry cores.