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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
A. Leonard, Joel H. Ferziger
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 26 | Number 2 | October 1966 | Pages 181-191
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE66-A28160
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A set of elementary solutions to the energy-dependent Boltzmann equation, which was derived in the preceding paper, is shown to possess a half-range completeness property that allows the exact solution to energy-dependent half-space problems and the reduction of finite-slab problems to rapidly convergent Fredholm equations. Results follow in analogy with Case's work on the one-velocity transport equation, except that a system of singular integral equations is encountered, which gives rise to the Hilbert problem for matrices. It is shown that the methods of Muskhelishvili and Vekua are applicable to this matrix problem and lead to the consideration of a class of Fredholm equations to obtain the solution. The explicit form of the Fredholm equation for the present problem is derived by extending the analysis of the scalar Hilbert problem to the matrix case. Applications of the completeness proof are made to the albedo and Milne problems for a half space.