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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
M. Corradini, H.H. Reineke
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 102 | Number 3 | July 1989 | Pages 260-282
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE102-260
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The results from the BETA molten core/concrete interaction (MCCI) experiments conducted at Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe (KfK) and the associated analyses using computer models developed by KfK and by Sandia National Laboratories, i.e., WECHSL and CORCON, are described. Two important observations were made in the BETA steady-state tests: The first observation could be modeled by WECHSL and CORCON by modifications when interface heat transfer considered a “transition boiling” analogy model. The second observation was not modeled but is expected to be important during the high-temperature phase of the MCCI when fission product release is of concern. These results suggest that the BETA experiments provide necessary information to validate MCCI models for silicate (basaltic) concrete. For limestone (carbonatic) concrete, there are still open questions that further tests must address.