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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
A. J. Mill
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 85 | Number 2 | October 1983 | Pages 127-132
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE83-A27420
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Several filtered-beam facilities exist that provide monoenergetic neutrons at 186 eV; 2, 25, 55, and 144 keV; and at 2.2 MeV. This range of energies can be extended by using natural uranium as a filter in conjunction with suitable secondary filters and scattering foils. The range of energies obtainable with uranium lies between 100 eV and 2.5 keV. Neutron fluence rate and beam purity estimates are provided at the most useful energies obtainable with uranium. Dose equivalent rates and kerma rates are also evaluated, and it is concluded that such a range of filtered beams would have many useful applications in radiation protection.