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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
D. C. Wade, R. G. Bucher
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 64 | Number 2 | October 1977 | Pages 517-538
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE77-A27387
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Flux weighting for the generation of broad-group cross sections is designed to preserve eigenvalue, flux spectrum, and reaction rates; however, it will not preserve adjoint spectrum and reactivity worths. Bilinear (flux-adjoint) weighting preserves all of the above quantities except reaction rates. Bilinear weighting also makes the eigenvalue of the broad-group calculation less sensitive to distortions of the spectrum away from the fundamental mode over which the cross sections were collapsed than is the case when flux weighting is used. A series of 29- and 11-group numerical tests has been made to assess the size of errors (relative to a fine-group standard) in eigenvalue, reaction rate ratios, isotopic worth components, and spectral shapes resulting from the use of the two energy collapse procedures. The errors in adjoint spectrum and calculated worth of scattering materials are found to be large when flux weighting is used.