ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
2026 Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
August 24–27, 2026
Dallas, TX|Hilton Anatole
Latest Magazine Issues
Aug 2026
Jan 2026
2026
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
October 2026
Nuclear Technology
September 2026
Fusion Science and Technology
August 2026
Latest News
Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Louis Baker, Jr., Richard E. Faw, Francis A. Kulacki
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 61 | Number 2 | October 1976 | Pages 222-230
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE76-A27355
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Correlations of experimental data on heat transfer from nonboiling, horizontal fluid layers with internal heat generation have been cast into a form suitable for analysis of postaccident heat removal in fast reactors. Available data on layers with equal boundary temperatures indicate that the downward heat transfer rate can be accounted for by conduction alone, while the upward heat transfer rate is largely controlled by convection. A new correlation is presented that applies to evaluation of upward and downward heat fluxes from an internally heated layer with unequal boundary temperatures. Analysis techniques are illustrated in an example calculation pertaining to layers of molten mixed-oxide fuel.