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2026 Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
August 24–27, 2026
Dallas, TX|Hilton Anatole
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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
C. L. Williams, A. C. Peterson, Jr.
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 68 | Number 2 | November 1978 | Pages 155-169
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE78-A27286
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Flow patterns that occur in a rod bundle with forced upward flow of boiling water have been photographed. The experimental rod bundle consisted of four vertical 0.25-in.-diam × 24.0-in. long rods arranged in a single row with spring collar supports. The tested conditions were: pressure—400 to 2000 psia, mass velocity—250 000 to 3 000 000 lb/h-ft2, and heat flux (uniform)—up to 1 600 000 Btu/h·ft2. The observed two-phase flow patterns were bubble flow, froth flow, slug flow, and annular flow. These flow patterns were mapped at constant pressure on plots of mass velocity versus flowing quality.