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Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
In transition: Commercializing fusion power
Commercial fusion power is closer than ever. There are now around 30 U.S. fusion companies, several of which claim to be on track to connect to the grid as early as the 2030s.
Tokamak and laser inertial confinement approaches benefit from decades of research at facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and ITER, with alternative concepts including stellarator, magnetic mirror, and Z-pinch confinement also making notable progress as private and government funding for fusion increases.
Gregory A. Moses
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 64 | Number 1 | September 1977 | Pages 49-63
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE77-A27076
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Laser fusion hydrodynamics calculations include both the solution of the plasma hydrodynamics equations and transport equations for various nonthermal particles. The solution of the hydrodynamics equations is usually a combination of an explicit technique for the hyperbolic equation-of-motion and an implicit method for parabolic temperature equations. Transport equations are solved using fully implicit techniques to allow their time step to be as large as the time step used in the solution of the hydrodynamics equations. Multigroup flux-limited diffusion theory is often used to model the time-dependent transport problem. In this method, the diffusion coefficient is “adjusted” to provide a physically plausible result in the free streaming limit. The energy dependence of the distribution function is modeled using multigroup theory. Another method of solving the transport problem, time-dependent particle tracking, approximates the trajectory of the charged particles as straight lines, from creation to thermalization. This simple method accurately describes the slowing down of thermonuclear reaction products, while the flux-limited diffusion technique is more applicable to the transport of electrons and photons.