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Fusion Science and Technology
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In transition: Commercializing fusion power
Commercial fusion power is closer than ever. There are now around 30 U.S. fusion companies, several of which claim to be on track to connect to the grid as early as the 2030s.
Tokamak and laser inertial confinement approaches benefit from decades of research at facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and ITER, with alternative concepts including stellarator, magnetic mirror, and Z-pinch confinement also making notable progress as private and government funding for fusion increases.
H. C. Hardee, R. H. Nilson
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 63 | Number 2 | June 1977 | Pages 119-132
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE77-A27015
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The heat transfer characteristics of a fluid-saturated porous media are investigated for the case of uniform internal heat generation with cooling from above. Analytical models of conduction and single-phase cellular convection show good agreement with previous Rayleigh number correlations and with experimental data obtained by Joule heating of saltwater in a sand bed. An approximate dryout criterion is also derived for two-phase boiling heat transfer in a fixed bed which is neither channeled nor fluidized. Correlation of dryout data using this criterion is encouraging, especially considering the analytical rather than correlational basis of the criterion.