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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
John A. Adams, R. R. Roy
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 63 | Number 1 | May 1977 | Pages 41-47
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE77-A27002
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Protons from 252Cf fission have been studied to determine their origin by using a ΔE, E detector particle telescope. Both fission- and nonfission-related events are discussed as possible sources of the observed proton energy spectrum. The increased yield of low-energy protons, which peak at ∼3.2 MeV, seems to be due mainly to background (α,p) reactions. Evidence of polar proton emission is discussed and gives an estimated polar proton emission yield of 2.83 ± 0.18 × 10−5 per fission, with a most probable energy of 10.0 ± 0.2 MeV and full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of 7.6 ± 0.2 MeV. The yield of tripartition fission-related protons was then estimated to be 3.50 ± 0.20 × 10−5 per fission, with a most probable energy of 6.6 ± 0.2 MeV and an FWHM of 7.0 ± 0.2 MeV