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Fusion Science and Technology
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In transition: Commercializing fusion power
Commercial fusion power is closer than ever. There are now around 30 U.S. fusion companies, several of which claim to be on track to connect to the grid as early as the 2030s.
Tokamak and laser inertial confinement approaches benefit from decades of research at facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and ITER, with alternative concepts including stellarator, magnetic mirror, and Z-pinch confinement also making notable progress as private and government funding for fusion increases.
S. N. Cramer, E. M. Oblow
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 62 | Number 3 | March 1977 | Pages 532-549
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE77-A26990
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Monte Carlo transport calculations were made to analyze the results of two integral measurements of neutron scattering and gamma-ray production from liquid nitrogen samples. The experimental data from Intelcom Radiation Technology and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) were given as angular-dependent NE-213 detector count rates of neutrons and gamma rays scattered from a spherical nitrogen Dewar pulsed with a 1- to 20-MeV neutron source. ORNL results also included unfolded neutron and gamma-ray spectra as a function of detector angle in broad incident neutron energy bins. Multigroup Monte Carlo calculations using the MORSE code and ENDF/B-IV nitrogen cross-section data were made to analyze all reported results. Comparisons of calculated and measured results indicate that no major deficiencies exist in the ENDF/B-IV gamma-ray production data, in contrast to the conclusions drawn from studies in previous years. Deficiencies, however, were found in the neutron data, primarily in the elastic and inelastic data above 9 MeV and in the elastic angular distribution data around 5 MeV.