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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Stanley Woolf, John C. Garth, William L. Filippone
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 62 | Number 2 | February 1977 | Pages 278-295
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE77-A26963
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A variation of the method of invariant imbedding can be applied to a class of particle transport problems for which the average energy of a particle can be closely correlated to the number of collisions it has undergone in the course of transport through a scattering medium. A method for calculating emergent n'th scattered particle currents from scattering media developed that combines an orders-of-scattering formulation with the invariant imbedding method. The final expressions obtained for these currents assume the form of coupled integral recursion relations expressing the interdependence of the currents of the various scattering orders Extensive numerical results are presented, along with comparisons obtained by other techniques arising from the implementation of these recursion relations. Various cases of neutron and electron scattering, both isotropic and anisotropic, are considered.