ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
2026 Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
August 24–27, 2026
Dallas, TX|Hilton Anatole
Latest Magazine Issues
Jul 2026
Jan 2026
2026
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
September 2026
Nuclear Technology
August 2026
Fusion Science and Technology
Latest News
In transition: Commercializing fusion power
Commercial fusion power is closer than ever. There are now around 30 U.S. fusion companies, several of which claim to be on track to connect to the grid as early as the 2030s.
Tokamak and laser inertial confinement approaches benefit from decades of research at facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and ITER, with alternative concepts including stellarator, magnetic mirror, and Z-pinch confinement also making notable progress as private and government funding for fusion increases.
Jeffrey A. Favorite
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 155 | Number 2 | February 2007 | Pages 321-329
Technical Paper | Mathematics and Computation, Supercomputing, Reactor Physics and Nuclear and Biological Applications | doi.org/10.13182/NSE07-A2666
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Standard variational estimates for perturbations in inhomogeneous transport problems were applied to internal-interface perturbations in coupled neutron-photon problems. Absolute gamma-ray line leakages and ratios of line leakages were the quantities of interest. Gamma-ray spectroscopy using the deterministic multigroup discrete-ordinates code PARTISN was accomplished with a 130-group neutron library and a 120-group photon library with narrow bins centered around gamma lines of interest. Perturbed integrals were evaluated using a volume and a surface formulation, and issues involving negative fluxes (required in the adjoint calculation for line ratios) were addressed. Numerical test problems used a 252Cf source surrounded by a material containing nitrogen and hydrogen; the thickness of this material was perturbed ±86%. The ratios of the 1.8848-, 2.2246-, and 5.2692-MeV thermal neutron capture lines were very well estimated using the variational estimates, even for macroscopic-size perturbations of internal interface locations; the volume-integral formulation for the perturbed integrals was generally more accurate than the surface-integral formulation for estimating ratios. For estimating absolute leakages, the Roussopolos functional in the surface-integral formulation was clearly superior when the gamma-producing shell was thickened, but it produced negative estimates when the shell was thinned.