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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Ronald C. Brockhoff, J. Kenneth Shultis
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 155 | Number 1 | January 2007 | Pages 1-17
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE07-A2641
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Empirical parameters for a new fast-neutron differential dose albedo formula are presented for water, concrete, iron, and lead and for ten energy bands between 0.1 and 10.0 MeV. Data are also presented for 252Cf spontaneous fission neutrons, 14-MeV neutrons, and thermal neutrons. The 24-parameter approximation, based on modern dose units, agrees with MCNP-calculated values within 10%. Revised data are also presented for a five-parameter secondary-photon albedo formula, proposed earlier by Maerker and Muckenthaler, that is within 20% of MCNP values for the four materials. Finally, these revised albedo formulas are applied to the problem of thermal neutrons transmitted through a three-legged duct and compared to previous experimental results.