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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Zhaopeng Zhong, Thomas J. Downar, Yunlin Xu, Mark L. Williams, Mark D. DeHart
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 154 | Number 2 | October 2006 | Pages 190-201
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE06-3
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A method is presented to obtain a continuous-energy representation of the neutron spectrum using two-dimensional discrete ordinates calculations with a combination of multigroup (MG) and pointwise (PW) nuclear data. This provides the capability of determining the fine-structure energy distribution of the angular flux and flux moments within the resonance range as well as the smoother spectrum in the high- and thermal-energy ranges. The continuous-energy flux spectra can be utilized as problem-dependent weighting functions within the whole two-dimensional domain to process self-shielded MG cross sections for reactor physics and/or criticality safety analysis so that the two-dimensional heterogeneous effect in the resonance calculation can be fully considered. This calculational method has been implemented in a new PW transport code called GEMINEWTRN that may be executed as a module in the SCALE computer code system. Example applications using ENDF/B cross-section data are presented to study the two-dimensional heterogeneous effect in the resonance calculations.