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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
D. H. Jones, R. P. Christman
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 12 | Number 2 | February 1962 | Pages 276-284
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE62-A26068
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The first Shippingport seed-blanket core was operated for 5530 equivalent full power hours at equilibrium xenon and samarium conditions. The comparison of physics measurements and calculations presented are those applicable to the first core containing the initial seed material. A three-dimensional diffusion theory depletion analysis indicates that this calculational model describes with reasonable accuracy the directly observed and inferred reactor parameters examined over core lifetime. The reactor parameters compared include: criticality, reactivity lifetime, xenon transient behavior, temperature coefficients, and blanket power fraction. While the primary emphasis is on the three-dimensional calculational and experimental comparisons, the results of one and two-dimensional diffusion theory depletion calculations are included to indicate their relative merit. The results indicate that such reactor parameters as excess reactivity, temperature coefficients, and blanket power fraction, may be estimated to within approximately the same accuracy by one and two-dimensional depletion models as by this particular three-dimensional model. This conclusion must be qualified by noting the crudeness employed in the three-dimensional depletion model.