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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
H. CONDÉ, N. STARFELT
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 11 | Number 4 | December 1961 | Pages 397-404
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE61-A26041
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Using a large liquid scintillator as the fission neutron detector the number of prompt neutrons per fission, ν, for Th232 and U238 have been measured at neutron energies of 3.6 and 14.9 Mev. The values for U238 of 2.79 ± 0.09 and 4.75 ± 0.12 are in good agreement with earlier accurate measurements while the Th232 values of 2.42 ± 0.10 and 4.43 ± 0.13 agree with the results of Kuzminov et al. and of Leroy but not so well with that of Smith et al. The parameters of the equation (En) = (0) + a·En, where En is the neutron energy in Mev, have been obtained by fitting a straight line to the available data using the least mean square method yielding (En) = 1.87 + 0.177 En for Th232 and (En) = 2.30 + 0.154 En for U238.