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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Herbert Rief
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 10 | Number 1 | May 1961 | Pages 83-89
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE61-A25934
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A Monte Carlo code is used to calculate the fast effect in both homogeneous and heterogeneous systems. The following results are obtained: for an infinite block of natural uranium, δ28 = 0.39, ∈ = 1.247; for an infinite block of beryllium, ∈ = 1.078; for beryllium oxide, ∈ = 1.046. In addition, results are given for homogeneous mixtures of uranium and beryllium. Calculations have also been carried out for uranium-water lattices and compared with experimental results for slightly enriched uranium rods and slabs, and uranium oxide rods. Other results show the increase in ∈ when uranium fuel elements are surrounded by beryllium cladding of varying thickness.