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DTRA’s advancements in nuclear and radiological detection
A new, more complex nuclear age has begun. Echoing the tensions of the Cold War amid rapidly evolving nuclear and radiological threats, preparedness in the modern age is a contest of scientific innovation. The Research and Development Directorate (RD) at the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) is charged with winning this contest.
Edward P. Naessens, Jr., Kenneth S. Allen, Brian E. Moretti
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 152 | Number 3 | March 2006 | Pages 306-313
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE06-A2584
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Current burnable absorbers such as boron carbide placed in the control rod guide tubes of fresh fuel assemblies create a water displacement penalty at end of cycle (EOC) that reduces the overall maximum cycle length of the reactor. Other burnable absorbers such as gadolinium-oxide mixed in the fuel do not create the water displacement penalty but create a lower centerline melt temperature for the fresh fuel and reduce the overall enrichment for the assembly. This research proposes using a transuranic (TRU) isotope with a relatively high absorption cross section such as 240Pu to reduce excess criticality within the reactor at beginning of cycle. The added benefit of using this TRU isotope over a standard burnable absorber is that when it absorbs a neutron it no longer negatively affects the criticality of the reactor, and it will transmutate into a fissile material that will add to the overall criticality of the reactor at EOC.