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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
M. Grandotto, P. Obry
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 151 | Number 3 | November 2005 | Pages 313-318
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE05-A2550
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
This work takes place in steam generator flow studies, and we consider here steady-state three-dimensional two-phase (liquid and gas) flows. The main goal is to improve the modeling of kinetic imbalance between the phases. We present a method that solves the mixture (liquid-gas) mass and enthalpy equations, and two momentum equations: one for the mixture and one for the gas. This choice is equivalent to solving the gas and the liquid momentum equations, but it is better suited to the Chorin projection method used for the pressure calculation. Solving two momentum equations instead of solving only the one for the mixture introduces the use of correlations for the gas-liquid friction but avoids the use of a correlation for the drift velocity and opens the way to a finer analysis of the relative dynamic behavior of each phase.