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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
N. Tsoupas, M. S. Zucker, T. E. Ward, C. L. Snead, Jr.
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 126 | Number 1 | May 1997 | Pages 71-79
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE97-A24458
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The transverse intensity distribution of a beam emerging from a linear accelerator can be described well by a two-dimensional Gaussian function with elliptical contours. A method is presented that utilizes third-order optics to modify this Gaussian beam distribution and to produce at a given location along the beam direction a more uniform beam, which also is confined within a prescribed rectangular area.