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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Joel L. McDuffee, Arthur E. Ruggles
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 125 | Number 2 | February 1997 | Pages 232-242
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE97-A24270
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A model is presented for predicting the pressure gradient in partially developed subcooled boiling of water for velocities from 15 to 30 m/s and inlet peaked, nonuniform axial flux profiles with channel average flux values of 6 MW/m2. The partially and fully developed boiling regions are considered separately, however; the same general modeling technique is used for both. Several correlations for the void fraction at onset of significant void are considered, and their effect on the channel pressure drop is evaluated. The effect of nonuniform axial heat flux on the channel pressure drop is also evaluated. The model is compared with pressure drop data from the thermal-hydraulic test loop at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and is found to agree with the data within 24%.