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Fusion Science and Technology
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In transition: Commercializing fusion power
Commercial fusion power is closer than ever. There are now around 30 U.S. fusion companies, several of which claim to be on track to connect to the grid as early as the 2030s.
Tokamak and laser inertial confinement approaches benefit from decades of research at facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and ITER, with alternative concepts including stellarator, magnetic mirror, and Z-pinch confinement also making notable progress as private and government funding for fusion increases.
Joel L. McDuffee, Arthur E. Ruggles
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 125 | Number 2 | February 1997 | Pages 232-242
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE97-A24270
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A model is presented for predicting the pressure gradient in partially developed subcooled boiling of water for velocities from 15 to 30 m/s and inlet peaked, nonuniform axial flux profiles with channel average flux values of 6 MW/m2. The partially and fully developed boiling regions are considered separately, however; the same general modeling technique is used for both. Several correlations for the void fraction at onset of significant void are considered, and their effect on the channel pressure drop is evaluated. The effect of nonuniform axial heat flux on the channel pressure drop is also evaluated. The model is compared with pressure drop data from the thermal-hydraulic test loop at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and is found to agree with the data within 24%.