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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
R. C. Brockhoff, J. Kenneth Shultis, Richard E. Faw
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 123 | Number 2 | June 1996 | Pages 282-288
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE96-A24189
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The line-beam response function, needed for skyshine analyses based on the integral linebeam method, was evaluated with the MCNP Monte Carlo code for photon energies from 20 to 100 MeV and for source-to-detector distances out to 1000 m. These results are compared with pointkernel results, and the effects of bremsstrahlung and positron transport in the air are found to be important in this energy range. The three-parameter empirical formula used in the integral line-beam skyshine method was fit to the MCNP results, and values of these parameters are reported for various source energies and angles.