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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
K. L. Thomsen
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 119 | Number 3 | March 1995 | Pages 167-174
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE95-A24082
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The coupled collision probability and interface-current equations in the flat-flux, isotropic approximation are implemented in a light water reactor (LWR) lattice code that is under development. By using traditional Gaussian elimination of the subregion fluxes of the cells, the interface-current equations are turned into a nodal form. In the transformed flux and current equations, expressed in terms of response matrix theory, the coefficients become multiple-flight probabilities, which obey analogous conservation and reciprocity relations as the first-flight probabilities. The convergence of the iterative solution for the interface currents is accelerated by successive overrelaxation (SOR) and global rebalancing techniques. The improvement of the convergence rate is investigated in a series of test calculations. The optimal strategy is found to be alternation between one SOR iteration and three to four free iterations while the rebalancing should be limited to two initial iterations in normal LWR cases.