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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
J. Sáfár, L. Lakosi
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 115 | Number 4 | December 1993 | Pages 297-299
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE93-A24059
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The cross section of the 93Nb(γ, γ′)93mNb reaction is calculated in the 5- to 30-MeV gamma-energy region in the framework of a gamma-ray cascade model with open nucleon emission channels and including pre-equilibrium contribution. The resulting cross-section curve shows one pronounced peak at the neutron separation energy with an integral of 3.1 mb-MeV up to 12 MeV. Taking into consideration the pre-equilibrium gamma emission, a negligible contribution to the calculated excitation curve results at ∼18 MeV. The influence of gamma background on the response of 93Nb as a neutron fluence monitor is estimated for two practical cases.