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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Chang-Ho Lee, Thomas J. Downar
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 146 | Number 2 | February 2004 | Pages 176-187
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE04-A2401
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
A hybrid nodal diffusion/simplified P3 (SP3) method was implemented within the framework of a one-node coarse-mesh finite difference formulation. The one-node formulation enables the use of various combinations of space, energy, and angular approximations within the framework of the one-node global/local solution approach. Spatial approximations include advanced nodal methods and fine-mesh finite difference methods. Energy approximations involve conventional two-group and multiple energy groups. Angular approximations contain both the diffusion and SP3 methods. Partial-moment boundary conditions are used to solve the one-node problems since they simplify the formulation of consistent interface conditions for the various methods. All directional moments are determined simultaneously to stabilize convergence of the one-node global/local solution approach. Results for a light water reactor mixed-oxide benchmark problem indicate that the hybrid application of the one-node-based nodal SP3 method developed here can provide substantial reductions in the computational time without compromising the accuracy of the solution.