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In transition: Commercializing fusion power
Commercial fusion power is closer than ever. There are now around 30 U.S. fusion companies, several of which claim to be on track to connect to the grid as early as the 2030s.
Tokamak and laser inertial confinement approaches benefit from decades of research at facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and ITER, with alternative concepts including stellarator, magnetic mirror, and Z-pinch confinement also making notable progress as private and government funding for fusion increases.
Eduardo A. Villarino, Rudi J. J. Stamm’ler, Aldo A. Ferri, Juan J. Casal
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 112 | Number 1 | September 1992 | Pages 16-31
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE112-16
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
In HELIOS, a two-dimensional program for fuel assembly calculations, the geometric system can be partitioned into heterogeneous space elements. The transport of neutrons and gammas is treated by the CCCP method: current coupling (CC) of the space elements, which are internally treated by collision probabilities (CPs). The region-to-region, region-to-surface, surface-to-region, and surface-to-surface probabilities are evaluated. They are numerically integrated according to Carlvik’s method. It is illustrated that elaborate ray tracing and careful normalization prevent the instabilities that the CPs would otherwise suffer. The angular dependence of the interface currents introduces angular dependence into the last three of these probabilities. A reciprocity relation between region-to-surface and surface-to-region probabilities is derived for the individual angular sectors at the surfaces. Also, a new integral function is introduced, the partial Bickley function. An efficient evaluation method for both normal and partial Bickley functions is presented that reduces the computational time for the CPs by ∼20%.