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Fusion Science and Technology
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In transition: Commercializing fusion power
Commercial fusion power is closer than ever. There are now around 30 U.S. fusion companies, several of which claim to be on track to connect to the grid as early as the 2030s.
Tokamak and laser inertial confinement approaches benefit from decades of research at facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and ITER, with alternative concepts including stellarator, magnetic mirror, and Z-pinch confinement also making notable progress as private and government funding for fusion increases.
W. Knop, H. B. Stuhrmann, R. Wagner, M. Wenkow-EsSouni, J. Zhao, O. Schärpf, M. Krumpolc, K. H. Nierhaus, T. O. Niinikoski, A. Rijllart
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 110 | Number 4 | April 1992 | Pages 316-329
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE92-A23906
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Polarized neutron scattering from clusters of polarized proton spins in solid material provides a new contrast variation method. Frozen solutions of apoferritin and of the large subunit of Escherichia coli ribosomes in a mixture of heavy water and deuterated glycerol have been studied at the conditions of dynamic nuclear spin polarization (H = 2.5 T, T < 1K, 4-mm microwave irradiation). The three basic scattering functions of contrast variation were derived by varying polarized neutron scattering with the polarization of target nuclei. They agree with results obtained from neutron scattering in H2O/D2O mixtures at room temperature. Furthermore, the proton spins appear to be polarized uniformly, at least to a structural resolution of 40 Å. This is an important prerequisite for the in situ structure determination of macromolecular labels in larger host particles.