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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
H. M. Kottowski, C. Savatteri, W. Hufschmidt
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 108 | Number 4 | August 1991 | Pages 396-413
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE91-A23837
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Correlations for the dryout heat flux for sodium in tube and grid bundles have been developed based on experimental results and analytical considerations. The main feature of these correlations is that they are derived from thermal, hydrodynamic, and geometrical parameters. These parameters are the subcooling, the inlet and outlet vapor quality, the mass flow rate, the latent heat of vaporization, and the aspect ratio. The correlation proposed for tube geometries is developed from a data base of 170 data points compiled from 11 sources, and the correlation for flow through rod bundles is derived from the results of 13 tests.