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Fusion Science and Technology
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In transition: Commercializing fusion power
Commercial fusion power is closer than ever. There are now around 30 U.S. fusion companies, several of which claim to be on track to connect to the grid as early as the 2030s.
Tokamak and laser inertial confinement approaches benefit from decades of research at facilities such as the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and ITER, with alternative concepts including stellarator, magnetic mirror, and Z-pinch confinement also making notable progress as private and government funding for fusion increases.
Sudip S. Dosanjh, Martin Pilch
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 108 | Number 2 | June 1991 | Pages 172-183
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE91-A23815
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
During hypothetical severe nuclear reactor accidents, structural materials in the reactor vessel can relocate downward and form debris regions above the lower head. A one-dimensional model is presented that considers melt progression in the debris as well as the thermal and mechanical response of the head. Only creep rupture of the lower head is considered; however, other modes of vessel failure can be considered with the methodology developed, and the model can easily be extended to higher dimensions. Numerical solutions are compared with an analytical model developed by T G. Theofanous. The goal of the work is to identify the parameters that most affect the state of the debris at the time of lower head creep rupture. Results of sensitivity analyses presented indicate that melt relocation phenomena, the initial composition profile of the debris, and the pressure inside the vessel are all important. On the other hand, changing the porosity or the particle diameter produces less significant effects because several competing phenomena cancel each other.