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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Sudip S. Dosanjh, Martin Pilch
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 108 | Number 2 | June 1991 | Pages 172-183
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE91-A23815
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
During hypothetical severe nuclear reactor accidents, structural materials in the reactor vessel can relocate downward and form debris regions above the lower head. A one-dimensional model is presented that considers melt progression in the debris as well as the thermal and mechanical response of the head. Only creep rupture of the lower head is considered; however, other modes of vessel failure can be considered with the methodology developed, and the model can easily be extended to higher dimensions. Numerical solutions are compared with an analytical model developed by T G. Theofanous. The goal of the work is to identify the parameters that most affect the state of the debris at the time of lower head creep rupture. Results of sensitivity analyses presented indicate that melt relocation phenomena, the initial composition profile of the debris, and the pressure inside the vessel are all important. On the other hand, changing the porosity or the particle diameter produces less significant effects because several competing phenomena cancel each other.