ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
September 8–11, 2025
Atlanta, GA|Atlanta Marriott Marquis
Standards Program
The Standards Committee is responsible for the development and maintenance of voluntary consensus standards that address the design, analysis, and operation of components, systems, and facilities related to the application of nuclear science and technology. Find out What’s New, check out the Standards Store, or Get Involved today!
Latest Magazine Issues
Aug 2025
Jan 2025
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
September 2025
Nuclear Technology
Fusion Science and Technology
August 2025
Latest News
Powering the future: How the DOE is fueling nuclear fuel cycle research and development
As global interest in nuclear energy surges, the United States must remain at the forefront of research and development to ensure national energy security, advance nuclear technologies, and promote international cooperation on safety and nonproliferation. A crucial step in achieving this is analyzing how funding and resources are allocated to better understand how to direct future research and development. The Department of Energy has spearheaded this effort by funding hundreds of research projects across the country through the Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP). This initiative has empowered dozens of universities to collaborate toward a nuclear-friendly future.
Yoshiko Harima, D. K. Trubey, Y. Sakamoto, S. Tanaka
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 107 | Number 4 | April 1991 | Pages 385-393
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE91-A23800
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The values of gamma-ray buildup factors and attenuation coefficients rise steeply as the source energy decreases near the K edge in heavy materials and discontinuously fall at the K edge. However, the exposure rate attenuation factor, A(E, r) = D(E)B(E, μr) exp(-μr), given as a function of the penetration depth in centimetres, is relatively constant in the vicinity of the K edge. The development of a model that employs 4 K-shell X rays for the source shows that such behavior results from the large contribution of fluorescence radiation to the buildup factor for source photons of energies just above the K edge. In addition, an uncertainty in the extrapolation formula of the K parameter of the geometric progression buildup factor fitting function was removed for the energy range near the K edge.
