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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
Thomas E. Booth
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 104 | Number 4 | April 1990 | Pages 374-384
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE90-A23735
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The basic quasi-deterministic method provides an approximate importance function in arbitrary user-defined phase-space regions. The approximation is twofold. First, each region is averaged over and becomes a discrete state. Second, Monte Carlo methods estimate transport probabilities and scores between the discrete states. These two approximations lead to a set of linear equations for the state importances that can be deterministically solved. This new method is compared against the standard MCNP importance generator. A generalization of the method provides an importance function in the physical and random number spaces that may be useful for random number biasing techniques.