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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
P. S. W. Chan, A. R. Dastur
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 103 | Number 3 | November 1989 | Pages 289-293
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE89-A23680
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
The sensitivity to the axial neutron flux distribution of the positive reactivity that may have been introduced on initiation of scram in Chernobyl-4 has been evaluated. It is found that the scram reactivity is positive and its size is remarkably insensitive to a wide range of axial flux distortion provided the flux shape is concave, which is a characteristic of neutronic decoupling of the core. In contrast, the scram reactivity is negative when flux shapes are convex, i.e., those that are a characteristic of strong neutronic coupling. This indicates that unless there were a significant number of control absorbers present in the core just before the accident to provide a convex flux shape, the chances that some positive scram reactivity was inserted to initiate the power pulse are high.