ANS is committed to advancing, fostering, and promoting the development and application of nuclear sciences and technologies to benefit society.
Explore the many uses for nuclear science and its impact on energy, the environment, healthcare, food, and more.
Explore membership for yourself or for your organization.
Conference Spotlight
2026 Nuclear Energy Conference & Expo (NECX)
August 24–27, 2026
Dallas, TX|Hilton Anatole
Latest Magazine Issues
Aug 2026
Jan 2026
2026
Latest Journal Issues
Nuclear Science and Engineering
October 2026
Nuclear Technology
September 2026
Fusion Science and Technology
August 2026
Latest News
Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
R. L. Walsh
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 102 | Number 2 | June 1989 | Pages 119-133
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE89-A23637
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Calculations of fission neutron spectra and fission spectrum integrals for six fissioning systems are reported. The systems studied are thermal-neutron-induced fission of 233U, 235U, and 239Pu; 2-MeV neutron fission of 232Th and 238U; and spontaneous fission of 252Cf The Madland-Nix formalism is used, but is extended to take account of the spin of the fission fragment. Also, more recent values for the average energy release in fission are used. The results of the fission neutron spectrum calculations are given in tabular and graphical form for applied purposes and are compared with experimental data. Similar deviations from a Maxwellian spectrum are seen for each system. The effect on the fission neutron spectra of 233U, 235U, and 239Pu from inclusion of alternative values for the average total fragment kinetic energy is shown.