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Front-end nuclear fuel supply cooperation: Turning allied interdependence into strategic advantage
The global nuclear revival, which is fueled by unprecedented demand for firm, affordable, dispatchable power for artificial intelligence and data center build-out, energy security imperatives, and climate commitments, has exposed a structural reality of the Western fuel cycle: No single allied nation currently possesses the full suite of front-end capabilities. From mining through conversion, enrichment, fabrication, and the emerging deconversion and metallization steps required for reactor fuels, capability is distributed across Canada, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States (collectively, the “Sapporo Five”), as well as a small group of close partners.
F. Barbry, P. Grivot, E. Girault, P. Fouillaud, P. Cousinou, G. Poullot, J. Anno, J. M. Bordy, D. Doutriaux
Nuclear Science and Engineering | Volume 145 | Number 1 | September 2003 | Pages 39-63
Technical Paper | doi.org/10.13182/NSE03-A2362
Articles are hosted by Taylor and Francis Online.
Since 1958, the Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique and then the Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (previously the Institut de Protection et de Sûreté Nucléaire) have carried out criticality experiments first in Saclay and then in the Valduc criticality laboratory. This paper is a survey of the programs conducted during the last 45 yr with the different apparatuses. This paper also gives information about plans for the future. Programs are presented following the chronology and the International Criticality Safety Benchmark Evaluation Project classification. Among the numerous series of experiments, now 22 series (corresponding to 407 configurations) have been included in the "International Handbook of Evaluated Criticality Safety Benchmark Experiments."